Hinduism
This is the world’s oldest and largest religion with around 900 million followers. People who practice Hinduism do not believe in a single, all-powerful being. Instead, their religion focuses on acceptance of others; race, religion, and other factors are unimportant. They recognize others’ religious beliefs as legitimate. They also teach that divinity can be found in all living things. War has never been held in the name of Hinduism. One aspect of Hinduism that many are familiar with is karma. Hindus believe that one’s actions in this life will determine how he is reborn into the next life.
Judaism
Unlike Hinduism, Judaism focuses one on all-powerful God. Followers of Judaism must only pray to this God and acknowledge that he is all-knowing. Moses is the prophet of this religion. He presented the people with a document know as the Torah, which contains 10 commandments that must be followed. Breaking these commandments is punishable by God, but atonement through words and good deeds is possible. Followers of Judaism do not believe in reincarnation.
Buddhism
Buddhism is based on the teachings of a man named Gautama Buddha, and is sometimes considered a philosophy rather than a religion. He gave up his role as prince to spread his teachings about how to overcome suffering. A main aspect of Buddhism is balance and Buddhists often meditate to help them achieve this balance. They do not pray to a god or gods. Some of the most important beliefs in Buddhism are to give up worldly possessions, stay away from committing evil acts, and to not indulge in alcohol or drugs.
Christianity
Approximately 80% of Americans are Christian. Christianity is centered around the life of a man named Jesus, who they believe was appointed by God to be their savior. Although there are many branches in Christianity, all followers of this religion pray to only one God. Most Christians also believe God will forgive their sins, although the method by which this is achieved can vary. Doing good for others and praying are important acts. Christians typically attend worship one day a week, although they may pray more often in their homes.
Islam
This is the world’s second largest religion. It normally is displayed in all aspects of life including politics and social practices. The prophet of Islam is Muhammad although beliefs about his role vary. Followers of Islam pray 5 times a day to their god Allah, who is not allowed to be visually depicted. Some tenets of Islam include giving money to the poor and a pilgrimage to their holy city. The holy book of Islam is called the Quran and it is available in many forms and languages. The two main branches of Islam argue over some aspects of the book, including whether is promotes tolerance of other religions or if it asks followers to convince people to convert. Conversion from Islam to another religion is generally forbidden and even punishable by death.
There are many religions and many types of people in our world. We should learn to understand all of them and their beliefs. This will lead to tolerance of others and a better sense of community, which is an important aspect in all our lives.